There are several different ways of closing the fallopian tubes, including clipping or banding them shut or cutting and stitching or burning them closed. Your surgeon will probably prefer one of these tubal ligation methods. An open tubal ligation laparotomy is done through a larger incision in the abdomen. It may be recommended if you need abdominal surgery for other reasons such as a caesarean section or have had pelvic inflammatory disease PID , endometriosis , or previous abdominal or pelvic surgery.
These conditions often cause scarring or sticking together adhesion of tissue and organs in the abdomen. Scarring or adhesions can make one of the other types of tubal ligation more difficult and risky.
Laparoscopy is usually done with a general anesthetic. Laparotomy or mini-laparotomy can be done using general anesthesia or a regional anesthetic , also known as an epidural. Reversing a tubal ligation is possible, but it isn't highly successful. This is why tubal ligation is considered a permanent method of birth control. Implants, such as Essure, are inserted in the fallopian tubes without surgery or general anesthesia.
The procedure is done in a doctor's office, an outpatient surgery centre, or a hospital, and it doesn't require an overnight stay. The implant procedure itself takes about 10 minutes. After the procedure, an X-ray is taken to make sure the implants are in place and the tubes are closed. In some cases, a tubal implant can be difficult to insert. Should this happen, a second procedure is needed to completely block both tubes. For the first 3 months after insertion, you must use another method of birth control.
At 3 months, dye is injected into your uterus and an X-ray is taken hysterosalpingography to make sure that the implants are in place and the tubes are fully blocked by scar tissue. If they are, you will no longer have to use another method of birth control. Tubal ligation and tubal implants are permanent methods of birth control and allow you to be sexually active without worrying about becoming pregnant.
Although tubal ligation and tubal implants are expensive, it is a one-time cost. These procedures are usually covered by provincial health plans, and there are no costs after the surgery is done. The cost of other birth control methods, such as pills or condoms and spermicide, may be greater over time.
Tubal ligation and tubal implants do not protect against sexually transmitted infections STIs , including infection with the human immunodeficiency virus HIV. To help protect yourself and your partner from possible STIs, use a condom every time you have sex. You must use another form of birth control for 3 months after receiving tubal implants. After a tubal ligation, you will most likely go home the same day.
Your surgeon will give you instructions on what to expect and when to call after the surgery. A follow-up examination in 2 weeks is usually scheduled.
A tubal ligation or tubal implant placement is a permanent method of birth control. Only consider this method when you are sure that you will not want to become pregnant in the future. Call your doctor immediately if you have had tubal ligation or tubal implants and you have:. Tubal ligation. Major complications of tubal ligation aren't common.
Although fewer complications occur with laparoscopy than with other kinds of tubal ligation surgery, these complications can be more serious. For example, in rare cases, the bowel or bladder is injured when the laparoscope is inserted.
The general risks of surgery are greater if you have diabetes, are overweight, smoke, or have a heart condition. Tubal implants. Most women who have tubal implants don't have problems. Some women do have problems, such as:. About 2 to 3 out of women who have Essure will need another operation within 1 year. Before you receive implants, you may be tested to make sure that you don't have a vaginal infection or a sexually transmitted infection STI. If a tubal ligation or implant fails and you become pregnant, you have an increased risk of having an ectopic pregnancy.
Ectopic pregnancies can occur years after the tubal ligation and are most likely 3 or more years after the procedure. Tubal ligation and tubal implants do not change your monthly menstrual cycle. This may only be determined at the time of surgery. A knuckle of the tube is grasped with an instrument and a suture is tied around the knuckle.
The knuckle is then resected and this portion is sent to pathology. Reversal of Pomeroy Tubal Ligation is very successful. A rubber silastic band is applied across a small knuckle of tube to occlude the tube.
There is no resection of tube and no pathology report. Reversal of Falope Ring Ligation is very successful. A plastic clip is applied across the tube. Hulka or Filshie clips result in minimal damage to the tubes. There is no resection of the tube and no pathology report. Reversal of Hulka or Filshie Clip Ligation is very successful. An instrument is applied across the tube and the tube is cauterized or burned. A moderate to large amount of the tube may be damaged.
There is no resection of the tubes and no pathology report. Tubal ligation is safe, but all surgeries carry some risks. Serious problems occur in less than 1 out of 1, women. You will need to sign a consent form that explains the risks and benefits of the surgery and you should discuss these risks and benefits with your surgeon. Some potential risks include:. Even though tubal ligation is a safe and effective form of birth control, about 1 out of women may still become pregnant after the procedure.
Having the surgery just after your period starts may avoid the chance that an already fertilized egg will reach your uterus after surgery. You may have other risks, depending on your specific health condition. Be sure to discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider before the procedure. In the days before your surgery, tell your surgeon about any medicines you take. This includes herbal supplements and over-the-counter medicines.
You may have to stop taking aspirin or other medicines that thin your blood and may increase bleeding. Before the procedure starts you will have an intravenous line IV started so you can receive fluids and medicines to make you relaxed and sleepy.
If you are having general anesthesia, you may get medicine through the IV to put you to sleep. A tube may be inserted in your throat so that you can inhale the anesthesia through your lungs. If you are having local or spinal anesthesia, you will be given a numbing medicine in your abdomen or in your spinal area.
You may remain awake during surgery, but you should not feel any pain. The actual surgery takes about 30 minutes. After your surgery, you will be taken to the recovery room to be watched while you recover from the anesthesia. Your IV will be removed once you can drink fluids. You will probably be able to go home in a few hours. Health Home Treatments, Tests and Therapies. Tubal refers to the fallopian tubes. Each month, an egg is released from an ovary and travels through the fallopian tube to the uterus.
Ligation means to tie off. This prevents the egg and male sperm from connecting to prevent pregnancy. Why might I need a tubal ligation?
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