Most people will be ready to leave hospital within four to eight days. The enhanced recovery programme focuses on making sure you take an active part in your own recovery. It aims to get you walking and moving within 12—18 hours and home within one to three days. You may also be offered follow-up physiotherapy if your doctors feel that this will help your recovery.
The district nurse will change your bandages and take out any stitches. If you have any problems with your wound healing, then you should tell the hospital staff straight away.
If you were told to stop taking or change the dose of any of your regular drugs before the operation, ask your healthcare team when you should restart your medication. You need to take care, especially during the first eight to 12 weeks after the operation, to avoid dislocating the hip.
Your therapist will advise you about any movements that you need to take special care with. How quickly you get back to normal depends on many different things including your age, your general health, the strength of your muscles and the condition of your other joints.
You may need to sleep on your back at first, with a pillow or support between your legs to keep them stable. You may need a walking aid for the first few weeks, but this varies from one person to another.
You can expect to drive again after about six weeks, as long as you can safely control the vehicle and do an emergency stop. Getting in and out of a car can be difficult — your therapist may suggest sitting sideways on the seat first and then swinging both your legs around together. Some people put a plastic bag on the car seat to make it easier to swivel round. If you have a job that involves a lot of walking, you may need three months or more to fully recover before returning to work.
If you have a very heavy manual labour job, then you may want to think about changing to lighter duties. Regular exercise will help with your recovery.
Walking is fine, and so is swimming once your wound has been checked and is healing well. Cycling is also good, though it may be difficult at first to get on and off the bike. Dancing or sports like golf or bowls that involve bending or twisting at the hip may also be difficult at first, but should be fine after about three months.
Some surgeons and therapists suggest avoiding extreme hip movements and activities with a high risk of falling, such as skiing. Others may advise against running on hard surfaces, jumping, or sports that involve sudden turns or impacts, such as squash or tennis. If in doubt, ask your surgeon or physiotherapist for advice. Learn about risks and side-effects. Many thousands of hip replacements are carried out each year without any complications at all. However, hip replacement is a big operation and, as with all major surgery, there are some risks.
The chance of complications varies according to your general health. Your surgeon will discuss the risks with you. Most complications are fairly minor and can be successfully treated. After surgery, some people develop blood clots in the deep veins of the leg deep vein thrombosis, or DVT , causing pain or swelling in the leg. You should seek medical advice straight away if this happens.
There are a number of ways to reduce the risk of this happening, including special stockings, pumps to exercise the feet, and drugs that are given by injection into the skin, such as heparin or fondaparinux.
Rivaroxaban, dabigatran and apixaban are tablets that can help prevent DVT. A blood clot can sometimes move to the lungs, leading to breathlessness and chest pains. This needs urgent treatment. In extreme cases a pulmonary embolism can be fatal. However, it can usually be successfully treated with blood-thinning medicines and oxygen therapy. Sometimes an artificial hip may dislocate. If this happens, it will need to be put back in place under anaesthetic. If the hip keeps dislocating, you may need further surgery or a brace to make it stable.
Continuing with a programme of muscle-strengthening exercise will still help to improve stability. To reduce the risk of infection, special operating theatres are often used, which have clean air pumped through them.
And most people will be given a short course of antibiotics at the time of the operation. Despite these precautions, a deep infection can occur in about 1 in cases.
The infection can be treated but the new hip joint usually has to be removed until the infection clears up. A new hip replacement will then be given six to 12 weeks later. All hip implants will wear to some extent over time, although ceramic components generally wear less than metal or plastic ones. New, harder-wearing plastics are being developed that may help to reduce this problem.
When a joint replacement starts to wear, tiny bits of metal or plastic may come away from the replacement. These are usually absorbed into the bloodstream, then filtered by the kidneys and passed out of the body in the urine. But in some people, the particles can cause a reaction in the soft tissues around the hip that could lead to tissue damage and other health problems although this is rare.
This was found to be a problem in particular with metal-on-metal hip implants. As a result, a number of implants were taken off the market. The most common reason for a hip replacement to fail is when the artificial hip loosens. This usually causes pain, and your hip may become unstable. Loosening is most common after 10—15 years, although it could happen earlier. A fracture around the implant usually needs to be fixed surgically and the implant may need to be replaced. A wound haematoma is when blood collects in a wound.
Usually this stops within a couple of days. But occasionally blood may collect under the skin, causing a swelling. This blood may go by itself, causing a larger, but temporary, leakage from the wound usually a week or so after surgery. But sometimes it may require a smaller second operation to remove the build-up of blood.
Drugs like aspirin and antibiotics, which reduce the risk of blood clots and infection, can sometimes increase the risk of haematoma after surgery. Your new hip should allow you almost normal, pain-free activity for many years.
Most hip replacements last for at least 15 years, although there are some differences between different brands and types of joint replacement. Repeat hip replacements called revisions are possible and are becoming increasingly successful. Many hospitals now have surgeons who specialise in this type of surgery. Revision surgery is usually more complicated than the original operation, and the results may not be quite as good.
In this case you may need a bone graft, where a piece of bone is taken from another part of your body or from a donor. However, the end result is usually good. This involves removing the original implant and inserting a temporary spacer, usually for at least six weeks. It may still be possible to get about during this time if your other hip and leg are alright.
Most hip replacement patients progress to walking with a cane, walker or crutches within day or two after surgery. As the days progress, you will increase the distance and frequency of walking.
Yes, healthy patients younger than 75 years old who have no history of cardiopulmonary disease may be able to have both hips replaced at once. In some cases, however, it may be better to stage the surgeries. The surgery is very safe, but every surgery has risks, and infection is the most serious.
You should ask your surgeon what the surgical infection rate is for hip replacements at the hospital or facility where you will have your surgery. HSS has one of the lowest rates of infection for hip replacement surgery, as well as a significantly lower rate of readmission compared to the national average.
In , The New York State Department of Health reported that out of more than hospitals in New York that did hip replacements in , only Hospital for Special Surgery had a hip replacement surgery site infection SSI rate that was "significantly lower than the state average" for that year, and that those infection rates at HSS had been significantly lower than the state average in each of the seven years between Other risks include blood clots in the leg or pelvis, and accidental hip dislocation during or after recovery.
Hospital for Special Surgery performs better than the national average in preventing blood clots after surgery. Learn more about joint replacement prostheses by reading Understanding Implants in hip and Hip Replacement.
Today's sensitive screening machines will detect the implant but can also effectively identify it. The machine operator will know that it is an implant rather than an unauthorized metal object contained outside the body. It is still helpful to tell airport security that you have had a hip replacement before entering the screening machine. You may also ask your doctor's office if they can provide a card that identifies that you have received a hip implant that contains metal.
Generally speaking, a hip replacement prosthesis should remain effective for between 10 and 20 years, and some can last even longer. Results vary according to the type of implant and the age of the patient. When a hip implant does need to be replaced because it has loosened or worn out over time, this requires what is called hip revision surgery. It is also important to research the hospital or facility where you will have your operation, as well as its supporting staff, such as the anesthesiologists.
The success rate for hip replacement surgery at HSS is very high. In a study, HSS interviewed patients to learn about their progress. Two years after their surgeries, Below, explore detailed articles and other content on this topic, or find the best hip replacement surgeon at HSS to suit your specific condition, location and insurance.
Get more detailed information on different types of hip replacement surgeries and related topics, such as hip arthritis and postsurgical rehabilitation. Learn more about reliability data so you can avoid unnecessary risks.
Hip Replacement. What is hip replacement surgery? How do you know if you need a hip replacement? What are the different types of hip replacement? As hip replacement techniques have evolved over the years, the cement used has improved, as have methods to encourage natural bone re-growth.
For some hip replacements, the surgeon will combine methods. He or she might prefer to use cement on the femoral stem while using an uncemented attachment on the socket piece that fits into the hip bone. Both left and right hips can be replaced during a single surgery. A double hip replacement is also called a bilateral hip replacement. If you are having issues with both hips, your doctor might recommend a double hip replacement if you are in good health and can tolerate a longer surgery and a more challenging recovery.
Hip replacements are performed in a hospital or surgery center. They are often considered outpatient procedures, even though you might need to stay a night or two for observation or to resolve complications. On average, hip replacement surgeries last about two hours. A partial hip replacement might require less time, and a double hip replacement may take longer. Complications during surgery might also extend the surgery time. You may need imaging, such as an X-ray, immediately after the procedure and during recovery, to confirm that your surgery was successful and that your new hip is healing well.
Hip replacement recovery starts right away. You will be encouraged to get up and move around as soon as possible after surgery. Some patients might spend time in an inpatient rehabilitation unit to prepare for independent living at home. Whether you go home or to a rehabilitation unit after surgery, you will need physical therapy for several weeks until you regain muscle strength and good range of motion. The surgeon, physical therapist or occupational therapist can advise you on when you are ready to walk with or without assistance, and how to manage your pain.
The provider will discuss your rehabilitation needs, what to expect in the days and weeks ahead, and how to make the most of your recovery. Your motivation and cooperation in completing the physical therapy is critical for an effective recovery process and overall success of the surgery. Some fluid might drain from your incision. This is normal during the first few days after surgery. Also contact the office if your pain is not improving.
Most patients do well with hip replacement. As with any surgical procedure, there are some risks during and after a hip replacement:. In very, very rare cases of bone surgery, particularly procedures using cement, an embolism blockage can occur if fat from the bone marrow enters the bloodstream.
A fat embolism can raise the risk of a heart attack or stroke. There may be other risks depending on your medical condition. Be sure to discuss any concerns with your doctor before the procedure and ask which risks are highest for you. Your hip implant may wear out or loosen over time.
It might also become damaged if you have an injury or dislocation. You may need a revision surgery to replace the damaged parts of the prosthesis. Most hip prostheses last 20 years or longer. You might be able to extend the life of your implant by doing regular low impact exercise, avoiding high impact exercise such as jogging and taking precautions to avoid falls. A rare risk of hip replacement is infection, which can happen if bacteria circulating in the bloodstream get caught in the prosthetic pieces.
An infection may require a revision surgery to remove the infected tissues, and a course of antibiotics to kill the bacteria.
When the infection is gone, a new prosthetic can be put back in. If you had a partial hip replacement only the ball part of the joint , you may need a revision down the road to replace the socket as well. Health Home Treatments, Tests and Therapies. What is a hip replacement? Who can benefit from a hip replacement? Your doctor may recommend hip replacement if you have significant pain, inflammation and damage to your hip joint due to conditions such as: Osteoarthritis most common Rheumatoid arthritis Osteonecrosis avascular necrosis Injury such as hip fracture Tumor in the hip joint.
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